VSI MVD Rossii (kafedra ugolovnogo processa, docent)
East Siberian institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (kafedra ugolovnogo processa, docent)
East Siberian institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (kafedra ugolovnogo processa, docent)
East Siberian institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (kafedra ugolovnogo processa, docent)
Irkutsk, Irkutsk region, Russian Federation
Introduction. The definition of a minor as a special participant of criminal procedural relations requires scientific elaboration of the content of his legal status in the legislative acts of the state. The study of this issue is advisable to begin with a retrospective analysis of the formation and development of juvenile criminal proceedings in domestic and international law. The article presents the periods of origin and formation of juvenile proceedings technologies, starting from the tsarist time to the modern stage of development of the Russian state. The historical and comparative legal analysis of the norms of substantive and procedural law in the field of protection of rights and legitimate interests of juvenile offenders as carriers of deviant behavior is carried out. Materials and methods. The basis of the study was domestic and foreign legislation and law enforcement practice in the field of formation and development of juvenile proceedings. In order to ensure a comprehensive legal analysis, historical-genetic, comparative-legal and formal-legal methods of research were taken as a basis, which allowed to recreate a comprehensive picture of the issue under study. Results of the study. The conducted research allowed to identify the specifics of criminal proceedings against minors at each stage of the historical development of the Russian state. Juvenile technologies emerged in Russian law taking into account the trends of development of this institution in the norms of international law. Cultural, political, financial and other features of the state created conditions for the variation of different models of juvenile proceedings aimed at increasing the guarantees of protection of the rights and legitimate interests of a minor participant in criminal proceedings. The results of the conducted research open up opportunities for further scientific research on the issue, including applied research aimed at improving the development of elements of juvenile proceedings in the current Russian criminal procedure. Findings and conclusions. Changes in the activities of legal institutions, caused by the processes of globalization of world development, form a demand for updating the body of legal knowledge in various areas of criminal procedural law. One of the significant areas of application of criminal procedural norms is criminal proceedings against juveniles. Juvenile criminal procedure has a long history of its development in domestic and international law, the study of which allowed to learn the essence of the legal phenomenon under consideration and identify the key elements that were formed in the past, but operating today and largely determining the future of juvenile justice.
juvenile, minor, juvenile proceedings, juvenile justice, juvenile courts, restorative model of legal proceedings, differentiated approach, historical periodization.
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