Introduction: the practical and theoretical significance of the study of errors that were made by the courts of first instance in criminal cases considered with the participation of a jury, and which subsequently led to interference in their final decisions, is, without exaggeration, exceptionally great, since without their knowledge and consideration it is impossible to properly ensure the interests of justice. The relevance of the study is also confirmed by statistics from the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. Materials and Methods: the methodological basis of the research is the dialectical and systematic method of scientific knowledge. In addition, the authors used general methods in the research process: analysis, generalization, description, comparative legal, methods and rules of formal logic, etc. The Results of the Study: the article, taking into account the study of extensive judicial practice, provides a set of the most common errors in sentencing in criminal cases tried with the participation of jurors. These errors are represented by a three -level structure, which suggests their division into indirectly, closely and exclusively related to the sentencing procedure. In addition, doctrinal developments and judicial practice on issues of ambiguity and inconsistency of the jury's verdict are touched upon. Findings and Conclusions: in conclusion, it is noted that a clear understanding of the legal norms contained in criminal and criminal procedural legislation will make it possible to quantitatively reduce violations and carry out the administration of justice qualitatively.